Process of separating dust and other materials from dust-laden air, and a dust-collector for carrying out said process.



G. F. VERRELL. PROCESS OF SEPAEATING DUST AND OTHER. MATERIALS FROM DUSTLADEN AIR,AND A DUST Patented July 19, 1910.

GOLLEGTOR FOR CARRYING OUT SAID PROGESS.

APPLICATION rum) JULY 2, WAN

l/VVE/VTUR By I ?K ac ATTORNEY VW/TNESSES UNrrED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES F. VERRELL, OF GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN.

PROCESS OF SEPARATING DUST AND OTHER MATERIALS DUST-LAJJEN AIR, AND

A DUST-COLLECTOR FOR CARRYING OUT SAID PROGESS.

acacia.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed July 2, 1908. Serial No. 441,654.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES F. VERRELL, a citizen of the United States,residing at Grand Rapids, in the county of Kent and State of Michigan,have invented a new and useful process of separating dust and othermaterials from dust-laden air and a dustcollector for carrying out saidprocess, of which the following 18 a s ecification.

My invention relates to improvements in centrifugal dust-collectors,wherein the separation of the dust and the other materials from thedust-laden air is effected by a whirling or vortical motion of thedustladen air within the machine and to the process whereby suchseparation is carried out.

In all dust-collectors, itis exceeding'desirable that the fine residualdust, which is invariably present to a greater or less extent, should becollected and not allowed to escape through the air-outlet.

One of the objects of my invention is, first, to provide a processwhereby the partially purified air carrying this fine residual dustwould be divided into two streams, one carrying the fine dust, the otherbeing purified air which is allowed to escape into the atmosphere, whilethe stream of air carrying the dust would be returned to a point in thecollector where the dust would be precipitated through the action ofgravity; and, second, to provide means whereby the foregoing process ormethod could be carried out, and the fine residual dust separated outfrom the transporting air and collected.

Another object is to provide means for overcoming the back pressure dueto the intake of air through the air outlet of the dust-collector. Byintake of air I refer to the current of air which flows into acentrifugal dust-collector through the airoutlet, due to the whirlingmotion of the air Within the separator and the vortical motion of thepurified'air as it escapes through the air-outlet.

Further objects will more definitely ap pear from the detaileddescription to follow.

The invention is clearly defined and pointed out in the claims.

A structure embodying the features of my invention and capableofcarrying out the process herein described and claimed is illustratedin the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, inwhich- Figure 1 is a top view of my improved dust-collector andseparator. sectlonal view taken on line wm of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 ,is a sectional view taken on line g -y of Fig. 1.

All sectional views are taken looking in the direction of the littlearrows at the ends of the section lines.

Similar letters of reference refer to similar. parts throughout theseveral views.

My invention is adapted to be used with all forms of centrifugaldust-collectors that is, dust-collectors wherein the separation of thedust and other materials in the air is effected by giving to thetransporting -air a vertical or whirling motion within the collector.

In the form of dust-collector illustrated in the accompanying drawings,A represents the outer casing, the lower part being conical while theupper part is shaped like the frustum of a cone. At the apex of thelower part of the casing is the dust-outlet B. The dust-inlet C is atangential opening in the casing A near the base of the frustumshapedart, and so placed that the incoming dust-la en air will have a whirlingor vortical motion within the casing. The top of the casing A isprovided with two inwardly extending flanges a a, each flange extendingpart way around the periphery of the top and opposite to each other.Superimposed upon the top of the collector and secured thereto is theoblong chamber D, having a top at, sides (Z (Z ends 03 d and bottom (laThe chamber is so placed that the sides d d are contiguous with the endsof the flanges a a, and the ends i 03 form extensions of the casing A.The central line of the chamher is coincident with the diameter of thetop.

Means are provided for dividing the partially purified air into aplurality of streams, one stream carrying the fine dust, another streambeing the purified air. In the form preferred by me, said means consistof the cylindrical tubular guard E, open at each end, the upper end ofwhich is secured to the inner edges of the flanges a, a, so that theguard E is suspended within the collector in axial alinement therewith.The lower end of the guard E is provided with the flange 0, whichextends outwardly toward the easing A, forming the passageway etherebetween.

Fig. 2 is a.

Patented July 19, 1910.

The guard-E communicates with the atmosphere bythe air-outlets oropenings G formedby the lower edgesof the chamber D and the-to eripheryof the'guard. As the guard E i; iii smallergdiameter than the casing A,there is formed between the casing and with the chamber A, the guard E,and the flange e a chamber F extending around the uard E. Thls chamber Fis connected wit the lower part of the dust-collector lg the passagewaye" by thepassageways I do not, however, desire to be con I: lined to thecylindrical form of tubular guard, as shown, for other forms of guardsmay be used equally as well. I

Suspended within the tubular guard E in axial alinement therewith andsecured to the bottom (i of fthe chamber Dis the tube II vwhich extendsdownwardly to a oint substantially opposite the dust-inlet -that is, toa point where the motion of the air within the casing is'practically ataminimum, as will be hereinafter shown. This tube H is open at each end,and forms a means of communication from the chamber D to the lower partof the dust-collector. The cham 'ber D is also provided with a cover Kinserted in-the top d of the chamber. This V forming asort of layerwhile the purified air v the tubular guard cover is adapted to be openedso that the interior of the collector can be inspected.

In the operation of my improved dustcollector, the dust-laden air entersthe dustcollector through the dust-inlet C. By reason of its velocityand tangential entrance, this dust-laden air whirls around inside thecasing, forming a sort of vortex within the collector. The heaviermaterials carried by the air will follow around inside the casing andthrough the 'force of gravity, will be carried downwardly to thedustoutlet B. It is, however, impossible to separate out all of the dustfrom the dust-laden coming air. Owing to the greater weight 55 :of theparticles of dust to that of the air, the

centrifugal force'causes the dust to follow closely around within thewall of thecasing,

forms another layer nearer the center'of the collector. There is,however, no line of 'demarcatlon between the two layers. As this.

.air moves upwardly, the layer of air'carrying the residual dust passesthrough the passageway e into the chamber F, while the layer of purifiedair gasses upwardly within and out through the take air-outlets G Cr'-'The stream of air, with the accom anying residual dust, within thepasses u wardly through the.

chamber passa away 1, into t e chamber D, thence t is rawn into the tubeH where it passes downwardly into the lower part of the collector. Thisass e of'the air anddust from the chain ers v7 isdue to the pressure ofthe incoming dust- ;laden air through the dust-inlet C, andto therarefaction which" is formed at about .the lower end of the tube H bythe vortical motion of the dust-laden air withinpt he col- ,lector. Thevertical motion of the incoming dust-laden air produces-an area iii-rarefication within the vorticalwhirl in said colf V -however,,j beinggoverned by the pressure of the incoming air and the regulationofjthedis n l'ectori The degreeof'rarefic'ation,

charge of the material throughthe furnace;

feeder pipes, can therefore be controlled by the operator to produce theresults desired. When the stream of air, carryi11g the re' sidual dustreaches the lower end of the tube --H, it has practically no vorticalmotion while the velocity. has decreased to such a.

degree that the particles of dust will drop and'D into the'tube H l andbe deposited; through the action of gravity into the'xlower partofthejrcolleetor.

This deposition or precipitatiOnDffliBduSt is due to the fact that. asthe. air andfiust-pas's out through the lowererid offtheftubeH, 1gravity will'tend toovercome 'anyftendency the dust particles mayhave-toremain-sue f pended in the air owing't'o the" decreased velocityof the latter The greater part of the dust particles thereforesettledown into the lower part, of the collector and are ejected through"the dust outlet B while the air relievedjof these particles'will passoutwardly' and up'wa'rdly aroundv the tube H,

The remaining particles carried by the air as it moves ."upwardly arefurther subjected to' the actionof' gravity and,lhence, tend to settledown in the lower part of the collector. 'In' the ordinary forms ofcentrifugal air-outlet, r This-is an undesirable feature 'as'such'fiintake requires more power to be used tooperate theidust-c'ollect0r. Inmy improvedform of dust-collector, this inof, air is overcome andprevented by the oblong chamber D and by the tubular guardE. v

I do not wish to be .confined to the form of dust collector shown, as myinvention of the means whereby the partially-purified air is dividedinto a plurality of streams,

one stream carrying the residual dust and then divertin this "stream sothat the dust is precipitate is applicable to all the various types ofcentrifugal dust-collectors.

While I have described and claimed an dust-collectors on account ofthisrarefac- 1 tion or partial vacuum, there is an intake or flow of airinwardly through the '5 nected to said casing,

apparatus capable of carr out the rocess herein set forth and dlia iied, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that variouschanges, modifications, alterations and substitutions may be madetherein, without departing from the spirit of my invention.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is;

1. A dust-collector, comprising a casing provided with a dust-outlet, anair-outlet, and a dust-inlet so arranged that the incoming dust-ladenair will assume a vorti'cal whirl within said casing, a chamber conatubular guard arranged within said casing to divert the air carrying thefine residual dust to said chamber, and a conducting pipe connectingsaid chamber with the axial interior of said casing, the lower end ofsaid pipe opening into the center of the said vortical whirl.

2. A dust-collector, comprising a casing provided with a dust-outlet, anair-outlet, and a dust-inlet so arranged that the incoming dust-ladenair will assume a vortical whirl within said casing, a tubular guard todivert the air carrying the residual dust, and means for conducting saidresidual dust to a point within and in the axis of said vortical whirl.

3. A dust-collector, comprising a casing provided with a dust-outlet, anair-outlet, and a dust-inlet so arranged that the incoming dust-ladenair will assume a vortical Whirl within said casing, a chamber connectedto said casing, an instrumentality to divert the air carrying the fineresidual dust to said chamber, and means for conducting said fineresidual dust from said chamber to a point within and in the axis ofsaid vortical whirl.

4. A dust-collector, comprising suitable means for causing the incomingdust-laden air to assume a vortical whirl therein and to separate into aplurality of streams, one stream carrying the heavier materials, anothercarrying the fine residual dust, means for decreasing the velocity ofthis latter stream, and means for returning it to a point within and inthe axis of said vortical whirl.

5. A dust-collector, comprising a casing provided with a dust-outlet, anair-outlet,

and a dust-inlet so arranged that the incoming dust-laden air willassume a vortical whirl within said casing, a tubular guard arranged toform with said casing an annular chamber, a second chamber secured tothe top of said casing and connected with said annular chamber, and atube connecting said second chamber with the axial in terior of saidcasing, thelower end of said tube opening into the center of saidvertical whirl.

6. A dust-collector, comprising means for causing the incomingdust-laden air to assume a vortical whirl therein and to separate outthe heavier materials from said air, a tubular guard for dividing thepartially purified air carrying the residual dust into a plurality ofstreams, one stream carrying the said dust, and means for returning thesaid stream to a point within and in the axis of said vortical whirl.

7. In a dust-collector, having an outer casing provided with adust-inlet, a dust-outlet and air-outlet, the combination of a tubularguard having a flange around its lower pe-' riphery extending outwardlytoward said casing, so as to form an annular chamber in communicationwith said collector between said guard and said casing, a chambersecured to the top of said casing and communicating with said annularchamber, and anvopen tube secured to the bottom of-said second chamberand suspended within said guard and collector.

8. A dust-collector, comprising a casing provided with a dust-outlet, anair-outlet, and a dust-inlet so arranged that the incoming dust-ladenair will assume a vortical whirl within said casing, a tubular guardsuspended from the periphery of said airoutlet and arranged to form withsaid oasing an annular chamber around said guard, an oblong chamber indiametric alinement with and secured to the top of said casing and incommunication with said annular chamber, and an axially-disposed tubeconnecting said oblong chamber with the interior of said casing, saidtube terminating within the rarefied area of said vertical whirl.

9. A dust-collector, comprising a casing provided with a dust-outlet, anair-inlet, and a dust-inlet so arranged that the incoming dust-laden airwill assume a vortical whirl within said casing, an instrumentalityinterposed in the path of the air carrying the residual dust to separatesaid air into a plurality of streams, one stream carrying the said dust,a chamber for receiving said latter stream, and conducting means fromsaid chamber opening axially into the rarefied area of said vorticalwhirl.

10. The process of separating the fine residual' dust in a centrifugaldust-collector from the transporting air, said process consisting inconducting the said air and dust to a point within and in the axis ofthe vortical whirl in said collector and precipitating the said dustthrough the action of gravity at said point.

11. The process of separating the dust and other materials from thedust-laden air in a centrifugal dust-collector, which consists inseparating the dust-laden air into a plurality of streams, one streamcarrying the heavier materials, another carrying the lighter or fineresidual dust, then decreasing Y the velocity of this latter stream andreturni 1point within and in the axis of.

ing it to a the vortica whirl in said collector, and precipitating thedust through the action of gravity at said point.

12. The process of separatin out the fine residual dust in a centrifugalust-collector. wh ch consists in decreasing the velocity of it to apoint withsaid dust and conducting evortical whirl in in and in the axisof t said collector and precipitating the saiddust through the action ofgravity at said point.

13. The process of separating dust and ;other materials from dust-ladenair, said process consisting in causing the dust-laden air to assume avortical whirl to separate out the heavy materials, then conducting thefine residual dust to a point within and in the axis of said vorticalwhirl and precipitating the dust through the action of gravity.

14. Tire process of separating dust and other materials from dust-ladenair, said process consisting in first causing. said dustladen air toassume a vortical whirl to separate out the heavier materials, thenconducting the air carryin the fine dust to the rarefied area withinsald vortical Whirl and precipitating said dust through the action ofgravity.

15. The process of separating dust and other materials from dust-ladenair, said process consisting in first causing said dustladen air toassume a vortical whirl to separate out the heavier materials, thenconducting the air carrying the fine dust to a point within and in theaxis of said whirl, precipitating part of said dust at that point athrough thecaction of gravity, and causing theair carrying the remainingdust to move u'pjwardly above said point for further separat-ion throughthe action of gravity.

1-6. The process of separating dust and other materials from dust-ladenair, said process consisting in first causing saidv dustladen air toassume a vortical whirl to sepa rate out the heavier materials, thendecreasing the velocity of the air carrying the fine residual dust andreturning it to a point within and in the axis of said vortical whirland precipitating said dust at that point a through the action ofgravity.

17 The process of separating dust and other materials from dust-ladenair, said process consisting-in first causing said dustladen air toassume a vortical whirl to separate out the heavier materials, thendecreasing the velocity of the air carrying the fine dust and returningit to a point within and in the axis of said whirl, precipitating partof said dust at that point through the action of gravity,'and causingthe air carrying the remaining dust to move upwardly above said pointfor further separation through the action of gravity.

18. The processo f'separatin the fine residual dust in a centrifugalustcollector from the trans orting air, said process consisting in conucting-the said an and dust to the rarefied area within the vorticalwhirl in said collector and precipitating the said dust through theaction of gravity.

19. The process of separating the dust and othermaterials fromdust-laden air, said process consisting in first causing said dustladenair to assume a vorticalwhirl to separate out the heavier materials,then conducting theair carrying the fine dust to the rarefied area withmsaid whirl, precipitating part of said dust Within said area through theaction of gravity and causing the air carrying the remaining dust tomove upwardly in said area for further separation through the action ofgravity.

20. The process of separating dust and other materials from dust-ladenair, said process consisting in first causing said dustladen air toassume a vortical whirl to'separate out the heavier materials, thendecreasing the velocity of the air carrying the fine dust and returningit to the rarefied area within said whirl, precipitating part of saidcombination with means for causing incoming dust-laden air to assume avortical whirl therein vfor separating the dust-laden air into aplurality of streams, one stream carrying the heavier materials, anotherstream carrying the fine residual dust, means for decreasing thevelocity' of this latter stream, and means for conducting it to a pointwithin and in the axis of said vortical whirl where the dust will beprecipitated.

22. In a centrifugal dust-collector, the combination with means forcausing the incoming dust-laden air to assume a vortical Whirl thereinto separate out the heavier materials, of means for conducting the aircarrying the fine residual dust to the 'rarefied area within saidvortical whirl Where said dust will be precipitated.

23. In a centrifugal dust-collector, the combination with means forcausing the incoming dust-laden air to assume a vortical whirl therein,of means for separating the dustladen air into a plurality of streams,one stream carrying the fine residual dust, and means for conductingthis latter stream to a point within and in the axis of said whirl wherethe .fine residual dust will be precipitated.

CHARLES F. VERRELL.

Witnesses:

FRED S. TEMPLE, CoRA TIETERNA.

